This curriculum unit, Discovering Chemical Discoveries is intended for elementary fifth grade students, within the age group nine through eleven years. Four lessons are included in this unit. For every lesson, the basic scientific background for the teacher or facilitator is provided in the body of the unit and the four lessons include hands-on activities to be carried on at the classroom or laboratory. The four lessons include 1) Mass, Volume and Density with the introduction of the periodic table, 2) Matter and Energy, in which the concepts of element and compound are presented, 3) Evaporation and Electrolysis, in which the states of matter, the concepts of melting, evaporation, boiling, atom and molecule are presented, and 4) Acids and Bases, in which the properties of acids and bases, the concepts of dilution and pH gradient are introduced. All the laboratory practices require basic equipment and ordinary substances that are easy to obtain. All hands-on activities are inherently safe; nevertheless a section on safety is included. The merit of this unit to the elementary science curriculum, in contrast to integrating physics and chemistry, is found in presenting chemistry to the elementary student as a science in its own right, which can be seen as a ‘first chemistry course’ at the elementary level.